C70Opening
Ruy Lopez:Morphy Defense
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6
White to move
- Legal moves
- 32
- Games in the next 4 moves
- 1,013,312
- Different positions among them
- 337,879
- Named lines from here
- 152
The most common reply to the Ruy Lopez, named after Paul Morphy. Black questions the bishop at once with 3...a6.
It is reached after 6 moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6. It is a line of the Ruy Lopez.
White is to move and has 32 legal moves. Over the next four moves — two for each side — the game can branch into 1,013,312 different games. Those games reach 337,879 different positions: most positions can be reached in more than one way, 3 on average.
The Lichess opening list names 152 further lines after this position, such as Exchange Variation (4. Bxc6) and Modern Steinitz Defense (4. Ba4 d6).
The same moves can be played in 18 different legal orders that all reach this position. For example 1. Nf3 e5 2. e4 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6, which starts as the Zukertort Opening.

Move by move
- 1. e4King's Pawn Game
- 1... e5King's Pawn Game
- 2. Nf3King's Knight Opening
- 2... Nc6King's Knight Opening: Normal Variation
- 3. Bb5Ruy Lopez
- 3... a6Ruy Lopez: Morphy Defense
Named lines from here
- Exchange VariationC684. Bxc6
- Morphy DefenseC784. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O
- Modern Steinitz DefenseC714. Ba4 d6
- Caro VariationC704. Ba4 b5
- Schliemann Defense DeferredC704. Ba4 f5
- Anderssen VariationC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. d3
- Wormald AttackC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. Qe2
- Bird's Defense DeferredC704. Ba4 Nd4
- Alapin's Defense DeferredC704. Ba4 Bb4
- Classical Defense DeferredC704. Ba4 Bc5
- Cozio DefenseC704. Ba4 Nge7
- Fianchetto Defense DeferredC704. Ba4 g6
- Bayreuth VariationC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. Bxc6
- Jaffe GambitC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. c3
- Mackenzie VariationC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. d4
- Tarrasch VariationC774. Ba4 Nf6 5. Nc3
Related openings
- Ruy LopezC601. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5
- Ruy Lopez: Berlin DefenseC651. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6
- Ruy Lopez: Schliemann DefenseC631. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 f5
- Ruy Lopez: Steinitz DefenseC621. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 d6
- Ruy Lopez: Classical VariationC641. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Bc5
FEN
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