B00Opening
King's Pawn Game
1. e4
Black to move
- Legal moves
- 20
- Games in the next 4 moves
- 405,385
- Different positions among them
- 142,191
- Named lines from here
- 2,037
The most popular first move in chess. 1. e4 claims the centre and opens lines for the queen and the king’s bishop at once; Bobby Fischer called it “best by test”.
It is reached after a single move: 1. e4.
Black is to move and has 20 legal moves. Over the next four moves — two for each side — the game can branch into 405,385 different games. Those games reach 142,191 different positions: most positions can be reached in more than one way, 2.9 on average.
The Lichess opening list names 2,037 further lines after this position, such as Sicilian Defense (1... c5) and French Defense (1... e6).

Move by move
- 1. e4King's Pawn Game
Named lines from here
- Sicilian DefenseB201... c5
- French DefenseC001... e6
- Caro-Kann DefenseB101... c6
- Alekhine DefenseB021... Nf6
- Scandinavian DefenseB011... d5
- Nimzowitsch DefenseB001... Nc6
- Pirc DefenseB001... d6
- Modern DefenseB061... g6
- Owen DefenseB001... b6
- Borg DefenseB001... g5
- St. George DefenseB001... a6
- King's Pawn GameC201... e5
- Barnes DefenseB001... f6
- Carr DefenseB001... h6
- Goldsmith DefenseB001... h5
- Hippopotamus DefenseB001... Nh6
Famous games through this position
The Opera GameMorphy, Paris 1858, move 1Playing from a box at the opera, Morphy mates his two opponents in 17 moves.
The Immortal GameAnderssen, London 1851, move 1Anderssen gives up both rooks, a bishop and his queen, then mates with the minor pieces he has left.
The Evergreen GameAnderssen, Berlin 1852, move 1Anderssen sacrifices his queen and mates with a bishop; more than 170 years on, the game is still fresh.
Kasparov's ImmortalKasparov – Topalov, Wijk aan Zee 1999, move 1A rook sacrifice on move 24 starts a hunt that chases Black's king across the whole board.
Deep Blue Beats KasparovDeep Blue – Kasparov, New York 1997, move 1The last game of the first match a computer won against the world champion, over in 19 moves.
The Octopus KnightKarpov – Kasparov, Moscow 1985, move 1Kasparov's knight digs in on d3 and paralyses White; that match made him world champion.
Steinitz's CombinationSteinitz – von Bardeleben, Hastings 1895, move 1White's rook keeps offering itself on the seventh rank; von Bardeleben walks out rather than wait for the mate.
Réti's MateRéti – Tartakower, Vienna 1910, move 1After a queen sacrifice the two bishops finish the game with mate in 11 moves.
The Peruvian ImmortalCanal – NN, Budapest 1934, move 1Canal gives up both rooks and his queen and mates in 14 moves.
Légal's MateLégal – Saint Brie, Paris 1750, move 1White lets the queen go and mates with three minor pieces; one of the oldest traps in chess.
Scholar's MateThe classic trap, move 1Queen and bishop strike together at f7, Black's weakest square.
Related openings
- Queen's Pawn GameA401. d4
- English OpeningA101. c4
- Zukertort OpeningA041. Nf3
- Bird OpeningA021. f4
- Nimzo-Larsen AttackA011. b3
- Hungarian OpeningA001. g3
- Polish OpeningA001. b4
- Van Geet OpeningA001. Nc3
- Van't Kruijs OpeningA001. e3
- Mieses OpeningA001. d3
FEN
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